Clinician reviewing corneal and retinal scans

Netra Clinical Knowledge Hub

For Healthcare Professionals

Independent, parameter-level interpretation guides, research reviews, clinical reference articles and comanagement resources for optometrists, ophthalmologists and ophthalmic technicians. Written to be read at the slit lamp, cited to their sources, and free to download.

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Netra Explained for Physicians

What Netra Restoration Therapy is, which patients are usually referred, and how it is positioned as an adjunct to, never a replacement for, standard ophthalmic treatment.

Clinician reviewing retinal and corneal scans

Overview

For Physicians: a collaborative, science-informed approach to complex ophthalmic disease

How Netra co-manages chronic, progressive retinal, optic-nerve and corneal conditions alongside the treating ophthalmologist or optometrist: the proposed mechanisms, what a course involves, what is reported back, and where the evidence currently stands.

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Diagnostic report interpretation guides

Each guide works through one instrument's report families field by field: what the number measures, how it is sampled, which reference values can reasonably be applied, and where the device stops. Every value is classed as device-defined, clinical reference or no validated cutoff.

Cornea and ocular surface · Edition 3.1 · illustrated

Reading the CA-800 Report

An independent, parameter-level interpretation guide to the Topcon CA-800 corneal analyzer: what each report family measures, how to read its numerical fields, which reference values can reasonably be applied, and where the instrument stops.

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Optical coherence tomography B-scan through the macula showing the foveal pit and the retinal layers either side of it

Retina and macula · OCT thickness

Central Subfield Thickness: Clinical Significance and Interpretation

A clinician-facing review of what central subfield thickness does and does not measure: ETDRS grid geometry, segmentation and device dependence, normal values, trial thresholds, the structure-function relationship, and disease-specific interpretation across 17 macular and optic nerve conditions.

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Genetic counseling visit for an inherited eye condition

Comanagement

Wolfram Syndrome and Vision Loss: What Families Should Know

How WFS1-related optic atrophy develops, what monitoring should track, and where Netra Restoration Therapy fits as adjunctive supportive care in a Wolfram syndrome comanagement plan.

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Clinical perspective

Corneal Neuralgia: Mechanisms and NRT Support

Why neuropathic corneal pain can be severe even when the eye looks quiet, how it is diagnosed, and where Netra Restoration Therapy fits as adjunctive support alongside corneal, neurologic, and pain care.

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Retina specialist talking with a young patient and parent

Clinical perspective

Stargardt Disease: Mechanisms, Function, and NRT Support

How ABCA4-related Stargardt disease damages central vision, what multimodal diagnosis involves, and where Netra Restoration Therapy fits as adjunctive supportive care in a comanagement plan.

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Comanagement

Map-Dot-Fingerprint Dystrophy (ABMD): Treatment and Recurrent Erosion

How anterior basement membrane dystrophy causes erosions, dryness, and pain, and how NRT may complement conventional corneal care while the ophthalmologist manages the underlying structural abnormality.

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Journal club

Research Reviews

Short, plain-language reviews of new peer-reviewed studies in ophthalmology. Each one covers what the study did, an honest appraisal of its strengths and limits, the authors' own interpretation, and what the result means for clinical practice.

The retina's blood supply, mapped. The central retinal artery and vein enter at the optic disc and branch into arterioles, venules and a capillary network that thins to nothing at the fovea. The optic nerve head itself draws most of its supply from a separate system, the short posterior ciliary arteries, with little redundancy between the two. When the regulation of that supply fails, the nerve is injured whether or not intraocular pressure is high. This article follows the evidence for that vascular side of glaucoma, from anatomy and autoregulation to what OCT angiography can now show in the clinic.

Research Review

Looking Beyond IOP in Glaucoma: The Vascular Side of the Puzzle

Pressure explains why most glaucoma starts. It does not explain why some of it keeps going. The answer may lie in how well the optic nerve is fed.

Netra Clinical Knowledge Hub

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Researchers in the UK examined the possible vascular link between erectile dysfunction and primary open-angle glaucoma using two population-based primary care databases. Among more than one million men, ED had been recorded in 20% of POAG cases versus 17% of controls, and the odds of a glaucoma diagnosis were 17% to 29% higher in men with ED. Because ED medication is mostly taken on demand, the authors read the association as a sign of underlying vascular dysfunction rather than a drug effect. Shown: OCT angiography of the macular microvasculature.

Research Review

Erectile Dysfunction Linked to Higher Risk of Open-Angle Glaucoma in a UK Cohort of One Million Men

Findings from two UK primary care databases suggest ED may signal the vascular dysfunction that precedes optic nerve damage.

British Journal of Ophthalmology

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Working with Netra

How Netra Restoration Therapy sits alongside conventional care, what a referral involves, and where the research programme is heading.

Journal club

Research Reviews

Plain-language reviews of new peer-reviewed studies in ophthalmology: what was done, an honest appraisal, the authors' view, and what it means in clinic.

Browse reviews →

Overview

For Physicians

What NRT is, which patients are usually referred, and how it is positioned as an adjunct to, not a replacement for, standard ophthalmic treatment.

Referrals

Referring Doctors

How to refer a patient, what records help, and how Netra reports back to the treating clinician.

Evidence

Scientific Studies & Research

The proposed mechanisms, research priorities and outcome measures behind NRT, beyond a single-target model.

Collaboration

Contributing to Our Research

Collaborate with Netra Eye Institute on ophthalmic research, imaging, biomarkers and patient outcomes.

Interpreting OCT Reports for Glaucoma: RNFL, GCC and ONH parameters, artefacts and progression analysis
Corneal tomography beyond Placido: reading Scheimpflug and anterior-segment OCT reports
Non-invasive tear-film assessment across instruments: which endpoints are comparable

The guides in this section are independent educational publications of the Netra Clinical Knowledge Hub, funded by Netra Eye Institute. They are not produced, sponsored, reviewed or endorsed by any instrument manufacturer, do not replace the instrument user manual, and reproduce no manufacturer screens or figures. Product names are used only to identify the instruments discussed. Each guide states its review status on its cover; a draft is not a reviewed resource.